没有绿卡的中国公民在美国拥枪合法性分析

CiTY_HuNTeR

不能断章取义嘛，你提到的18 USC 922 y这条法律没错，那么我就把完整版贴出来，再说你的解释问题。看看是别人忽悠，还是有人自己不懂在误导别人。

(y)Provisions Relating to Aliens Admitted Under Nonimmigrant Visas.—(1)Definitions.—In this subsection—(A)the term “alien” has the same meaning as in section 101(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(3)); and

(B)the term “nonimmigrant visa” has the same meaning as in section 101(a)(26) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(26)).



非移民想要买枪，主要受惠的就是这个exceptions部分。


(2)Exceptions.—Subsections (d)(5)(B), (g)(5)(B), and (s)(3)(B)(v)(II) do not apply to any alien who has been lawfully admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa, if that alien is—(A)admitted to the United States for lawful hunting or sporting purposes or is in possession of a hunting license or permit lawfully issued in the United States;

你提到了A这条，请再仔细读一下原文。“Subsections (d)(5)(B), (g)(5)(B), and (s)(3)(B)(v)(II) do not apply to any alien who has been lawfully admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa, if that alien is admitted to the United States for lawful hunting or sporting purposes”。这里说的，是你的VISA目的，就是来美国for lawful hunting or sporting purpose”。换言之，如果你是留学签证，工作签证，旅游签证等等，在申请入境时没有说明你就是来美国为了打猎，或者参加比赛（sporting），那么就不符合这条规定，或者说你在入境时撒谎，两者自选其一吧。法律条文写的已经很明白不过了，这不是谁上嘴皮碰下嘴皮说“我去靶场打枪”就算sporting purpose。当然你可以不同意，到时候就看律师的水平了。不过这条法律并没有完全关上拥枪的大门，因为后面还有半句，“ or is in possession of a hunting license or permit lawfully issued in the United States;” 这也是最多人，应用最广的一条。On the safe side来说，只要你满足这条，就可以没有任何担心的拥枪，前提是你的HL是valid，lawfully issue。
当然，如果您是特别外交人员，下面也有exception。
(B)an official representative of a foreign government who is—(i)accredited to the United States Government or the Government’s mission to an international organization having its headquarters in the United States; or

(ii)en route to or from another country to which that alien is accredited;


(C)an official of a foreign government or a distinguished foreign visitor who has been so designated by the Department of State; or

(D)a foreign law enforcement officer of a friendly foreign government entering the United States on official law enforcement business.



还有更难操作一些的waiver。


(3)Waiver.—(A)Conditions for waiver.—Any individual who has been admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa may receive a waiver from the requirements of subsection (g)(5), if—(i)the individual submits to the Attorney General a petition that meets the requirements of subparagraph (C); and

(ii)the Attorney General approves the petition.


(B)Petition.—Each petition under subparagraph (B) shall—(i)demonstrate that the petitioner has resided in the United States for a continuous period of not less than 180 days before the date on which the petition is submitted under this paragraph; and

(ii)include a written statement from the embassy or consulate of the petitioner, authorizing the petitioner to acquire a firearm or ammunition and certifying that the alien would not, absent the application of subsection (g)(5)(B), otherwise be prohibited from such acquisition under subsection (g).


(C)Approval of petition.—The Attorney General shall approve a petition submitted in accordance with this paragraph, if the Attorney General determines that waiving the requirements of subsection (g)(5)(B) with respect to the petitioner—(i)would be in the interests of justice; and




(ii)would not jeopardize the public safety.
”


(B)an official representative of a foreign government who is—(i)accredited to the United States Government or the Government’s mission to an international organization having its headquarters in the United States; or

(ii)en route to or from another country to which that alien is accredited;


(C)an official of a foreign government or a distinguished foreign visitor who has been so designated by the Department of State; or

(D)a foreign law enforcement officer of a friendly foreign government entering the United States on official law enforcement business.


(3)Waiver.—(A)Conditions for waiver.—Any individual who has been admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa may receive a waiver from the requirements of subsection (g)(5), if—(i)the individual submits to the Attorney General a petition that meets the requirements of subparagraph (C); and

(ii)the Attorney General approves the petition.


(B)Petition.—Each petition under subparagraph (B) shall—(i)demonstrate that the petitioner has resided in the United States for a continuous period of not less than 180 days before the date on which the petition is submitted under this paragraph; and

(ii)include a written statement from the embassy or consulate of the petitioner, authorizing the petitioner to acquire a firearm or ammunition and certifying that the alien would not, absent the application of subsection (g)(5)(B), otherwise be prohibited from such acquisition under subsection (g).


(C)Approval of petition.—The Attorney General shall approve a petition submitted in accordance with this paragraph, if the Attorney General determines that waiving the requirements of subsection (g)(5)(B) with respect to the petitioner—(i)would be in the interests of justice; and

(ii)would not jeopardize the public safety.




看完了这么多，就会发现，其实还是买猎照，并随时保持其有效性，是最简单，最安全的合法拥枪途径。但并不是唯一途径，其他方式有想尝试的可以自行take risk。我理解你说的可能是看到一些极端言论后产生的反感，不过过犹不及，有点矫枉过正。

其实你前面提到的代办猎照，严格来说就不是法律所允许的lawfully issued，而是hunting license fraud。

关于各州自己的法律部分没有异议，如果你的州有比联邦更严格的法律，要自己去研究，去遵守，不想遵守的，搬家。

一点愚见，欢迎讨论和指正

CiTY_HuNTeR

njhunter 发表于 2017-4-18 18:08
你说的不是没道理。我有意没把法律条文搬出来而只是给出了出处，并不是想断章取义，而是不想给人一个印象 ...

具体说说你朋友的案子？
单就法律来说，你猎照一旦过期，那么这时你就不能possess枪，这时你家的枪一旦有人上门查是可以收走的，即使之前是合法购买。或者说，你被诊断出精神问题，那么也是可以收走的。反之只要猎照合法有效，人家连枪都不用看，聊两句，have a good day就走人。至于你说的枪支注册，抱歉俺们州没有啊，警局也没义务帮你保管，除非是没收的证物

CiTY_HuNTeR

doublepar 发表于 2017-4-18 23:17
光说律师的名字有啥用？而且他可能只精通怎么跟 NYPD 打交道。
把你朋友的名字报一下？我去查查 dock ...

又用你法律专业知识来碾压了……

CiTY_HuNTeR

X-PGH 发表于 2017-4-20 13:23
嗨 - 在 ATF 条款 与 各州的框框之间 有不少灰色地带 - ATF 就 Sig Brace 的最近一次 "决议" 信 就是有 " ...

说白了就是我们的猪队友太多给人家搞烦了

CiTY_HuNTeR

njhunter 发表于 2017-4-21 09:16
谢谢。
你准备好“比需要的更全”的文件是对的。但是真有警察盘问，不要自愿给他任何资料，也不要自愿说 ...

大家担心的只是你这种建议给新人带来的风险，无它。如果最后真的ATF给出书面证明，只要曾经有过，而不是必须一直有合法的猎照，那么对所有非移民枪友都是个好消息，大家就是论事，无论最后结果如何，最差也不过是回到每年买猎照嘛，没必要牵扯太多，也不用觉得面子过不去。

说到电话录音，给大家推荐一个app，叫TapeACall，可以在打的时候录下电话内容的。

CiTY_HuNTeR

njhunter 发表于 2017-4-21 10:38
看来我是真误导了，实在抱歉。请您仔细看我写的。我不建议大家不renew猎照。合法不意味你没麻烦，我的建 ...

只要你事先声明，对方同意，就没有法律问题

CiTY_HuNTeR

iowa808state 发表于 2017-4-21 12:12

一个旅游者来美国旅游，他在申请上写了来美国的目的，原因只有一个，就是游玩儿。签证拿到了，种类是B2。但来了之后他突然内急，于是就去上厕所。可是他申请签证时并没有说嘘嘘这一项，那么他是不是就非法了呢？

一个业余射击运动员来美国纽约参加射击比赛，他在申请上写了来美国的目的，原因只有一个，参加射击比赛并附有邀请函。签证拿到了，种类是B2。那么他来了后参加完比赛，离签证到期还有一个星期，临时决定去拉斯维加斯赌城去玩儿，于是买了机票就去了。可是他申请签证时并没有说旅游这一项，那么他是不是就非法了呢？

这两个问题都有点偷换概念，无论嘘嘘还是旅游，都没有法律说在B2以外需要另外的证件，而18USC922已经很明确的说了，持枪有别的要求。

CiTY_HuNTeR

wxh1227 发表于 2017-4-21 12:42
首先楼主较真儿和钻研的态度是值得大家学习的。但这个例子不好，感觉没有办法类比。上厕所是支持你在这里 ...

挣钱的话是不在B2范围的。

These are some examples of activities that require different categories of visas and cannot be done while on a visitor visa:

• study
• employment
• paid performances, or any professional performance before a paying audience
• arrival as a crewmember on a ship or aircraft
• work as foreign press, radio, film, journalists, and other information media
• permanent residence in the United States
  

https://travel.state.gov/content/visas/en/visit/visitor.html#overview

CiTY_HuNTeR

njhunter 发表于 2017-4-21 12:46
good point. 再具体些。

我觉得现在这个帖子争论的要点已经不是法律问题，而是阅读理解能力了......

Subsections (d)(5)(B), (g)(5)(B), and (s)(3)(B)(v)(II) do not apply to any alien who has been lawfully admitted to the United States under a nonimmigrant visa, if that alien is admitted to the United States for lawful hunting or sporting purposes

把复杂句式简单化，就是红字部分。串起来看吧。

CiTY_HuNTeR

njhunter 发表于 2017-4-21 12:53
看来你也是个认真的人，太好了。这可以理清签证类别，然后我们可以建立签证和这条法律的逻辑关联，看看这 ...

玩枪来说认真挺好的，认真的都是枪友，不是阶级敌人。
不怕认真，就怕不认真。

CiTY_HuNTeR

LZ直接看ATF书面回复吧

CiTY_HuNTeR

Gunleather 发表于 2017-4-23 01:00
十分感谢，我也是抱着研究的态度讨论的。只有真正在乎法律的人才会这样反复研究的。
...

楼上